Uplink control information (uci) multiplexing on the physical uplink shared channel (pusch)

ABSTRACT

A method for multiplexing uplink control information (UCI) on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) is described. Control data is coded with user data repetition. The coded control data is mapped to a PUSCH resource. A data block base for the coded control data is also mapped in the PUSCH resource. The UCI may include channel quality indicators (CQI)/precoding matrix indicators (PMI), acknowledgement/negative-acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) and rank indicators (RI).

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates generally to wireless communications andwireless communications-related technology. More specifically, thepresent invention relates to systems and methods for uplink controlinformation (UCI) multiplexing on the physical uplink shared channel(PUSCH).

BACKGROUND

Wireless communication devices have become smaller and more powerful inorder to meet consumer needs and to improve portability and convenience.Consumers have become dependent upon wireless communication devices andhave come to expect reliable service, expanded areas of coverage andincreased functionality. A wireless communication system may providecommunication for a number of cells, each of which may be serviced by abase station. A base station may be a fixed station that communicateswith mobile stations.

A wireless communication device may communicate with one or more basestations via transmissions on the uplink and the downlink. The uplink(or reverse link) refers to the communication link from the wirelesscommunication device to the base station, and the downlink (or forwardlink) refers to the communication link from the base station to thewireless communication device. A wireless communication system maysimultaneously support communication for multiple mobile stations.

Various signal processing techniques may be used in wirelesscommunication systems to improve efficiency and quality of wirelesscommunication. One such technique may include encoding and decodingwhere a transmitting device may encode data before transmission and areceiving device may decode the received data. Therefore, benefits maybe realized by improved coding techniques.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless communication systemusing mixed encoding and mixed decoding;

FIG. 2 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for coding andmultiplexing user data with control data;

FIG. 3 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for encoding andmultiplexing user data and control data;

FIG. 4 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for mixed encoding;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating time division multiplexing (TDM)and mixed encoding;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless device that uses mixedcoding;

FIG. 7 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for mixed decoding;

FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless device that uses mixeddecoding;

FIG. 9 is a flow diagram of a method for multiplexing uplink controlinformation (UCI) on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH);

FIG. 10 is a flow diagram of a method for UCI mapping and repetitiondata block determination;

FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating a slot of a PUSCH subframe usingUCI multiplexing with mixed coding;

FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating a slot of a PUSCH subframe usingUCI multiplexing with two layers;

FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating another slot of a PUSCH subframeusing UCI multiplexing with two layers;

FIG. 14 is a block diagram also illustrating a slot of a PUSCH subframeusing UCI multiplexing with two layers;

FIG. 15 is a block diagram illustrating a slot of a PUSCH subframe usingUCI multiplexing with mixed coding implemented;

FIG. 16 is a block diagram illustrating a slot of a PUSCH subframe usingUCI multiplexing with two codewords on two layers;

FIG. 17 is a block diagram illustrating a slot of a PUSCH subframe withtwo codewords mapped on four layers;

FIG. 18 is a block diagram illustrating a slot of a PUSCH subframe withtwo codewords mapped on two layers using UCI multiplexing by acombination of mixed coding and time division multiplexing (TDM); and

FIG. 19 is a block diagram of a wireless device in accordance with oneconfiguration of the described systems and methods.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

A method for multiplexing uplink control information (UCI) on a physicaluplink shared channel (PUSCH) is described. Control data is coded withuser data repetition. The coded control data is mapped to a PUSCHresource. A data block base for the coded control data is mapped in thePUSCH resource.

The PUSCH resource may include a slot. The control data may includechannel quality indicators (CQI)/precoding matrix indicators (PMI),acknowledgement/negative-acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) and rank indicators(RI). Mixed coded CQI/PMI may be multiplexed from the top down of theslot. A first data block may be used as a superposition coding base forthe mixed coded CQI/PMI. Mixed coded ACK/NACK may be channel interleavedfrom the bottom up in a required column of the slot. A second data blockmay be used as a superposition coding base for the mixed coded ACK/NACK.Mixed coded RI may be channel interleaved from the bottom up in arequired column of the slot. A third data block may be used as asuperposition coding base for the mixed coded RI.

A mixed CQI/PMI control output may be obtained as an XOR output of thefirst data block and an expanded CQI/PMI control coding output. A mixedACK/NACK control output may be obtained as an XOR output of the seconddata block and expanded ACK/NACK coding outputs. A mixed RI controloutput may be obtained as an XOR output of the third data block andexpanded RI coding outputs.

A rate matched data output may have a coding rate greater than 1/3. Thefirst data block may be on subcarriers that are immediately below acontrol multiplexing region as the superposition coding base. A ratematched data output may have a coding rate less than 1/3. The first datablock may be on subcarriers that are immediately below a turbo coderepetition part.

The second data block may be immediately above the channel interleavedmixed coded ACK/NACK. The third data block may be immediately above thechannel interleaved mixed coded RI. The slot may include a first layerand a second layer. A codeword may be mapped on both layers. The methodmay be performed on the first layer. The UCI may be distributed on thefirst layer and the second layer. The method may be performed separatelyfor each layer.

The mixed coded CQI/PMI may be multiplexed from the top down of thefirst layer of the slot. The mixed coded RI may be mapped from thebottom up in the required columns of the first layer. The mixed codedACK/NACK may be mapped from the bottom up in the required columns of thesecond layer. The first data block may be on subcarriers that areimmediately below the multiplexed mixed coded CQI/PMI. The second datablock may be on subcarriers immediately above the channel interleavedmixed coded ACK/NACK. The third data block may be immediately above thechannel interleaved mixed coded RI.

The first data block may be on subcarriers of the second layercorresponding to the multiplexed mixed coded CQI/PMI. The second datablock may be on subcarriers of the second layer corresponding to themultiplexed mixed coded ACK/NACK. The third data block may be onsubcarriers of the second layer corresponding to the multiplexed mixedcoded RI.

A first codeword may be mapped to the first layer and a second codewordmay be mapped to the second layer. The method may be performed on thefirst layer. The UCI may be distributed on the first layer and thesecond layer. The method may be performed separately for each layer.

The mixed coded CQI/PMI may be multiplexed from the top down of thefirst layer of the slot. The mixed coded RI may be mapped from thebottom up in the required columns of the first layer. The mixed codedACK/NACK may be mapped from the bottom up in the required columns of thesecond layer.

The first data block may be on subcarriers that are immediately belowthe multiplexed mixed coded CQI/PMI. The second data block may be onsubcarriers immediately above the channel interleaved mixed codedACK/NACK. The third data block may be immediately above the channelinterleaved mixed coded RI. The second data block may be on subcarriersof the second layer corresponding to the multiplexed mixed codedACK/NACK. The third data block may be on subcarriers of the second layercorresponding to the multiplexed mixed coded RI.

The slot may include a first layer, a second layer, a third layer and afourth layer. A first codeword may be mapped to the first layer and thesecond layer. A second codeword may be mapped to the third layer and thefourth layer. The method may be performed on the first layer. The mixedcoded CQI/PMI may be distributed and multiplexed on the first layer andthe second layer. The mixed coded ACK/NACK and the mixed coded RI may bedistributed and mapped on the first layer, the second layer, the thirdlayer and the fourth layer.

A number of symbols required for mixed control coding may be computedbased on k*β-offset. The control data may include channel qualityindicators/precoding matrix indicators (PMI). Mixed coded may be mappedCQI/PMI from the top down of a first layer of a slot. The slot mayinclude a first layer and a second layer. A first codeword may be mappedto the first layer and a second codeword may be mapped to the secondlayer. A first data block may be used as a superposition coding base forthe mixed coded CQI/PMI. A coded ACK/NACK may be mapped on both thefirst codeword and the second codeword from the bottom up in a requiredcolumn. A coded RI may be mapped on both the first codeword and thesecond codeword from the bottom up in a required column.

Coding control data with user data repetition may include removingsymbols in user data, repeating symbols in control data to increase anumber of symbols in the control data, copying a number of symbols inthe user data that is the same as the number of symbols in the controldata, adding the copied user data symbols to the control data andmultiplexing the user data and the control data. Coding control datawith user data repetition may also include encoding the user data usinga 1/3 Turbo code, low-density parity-check (LDPC) code, or aconvolutional code. Coding control data with user data repetition mayfurther include encoding the control data using a Reed-Muller code or a1/3 tail biting convolutional code.

The repeating may include copying symbols in the control data k*m times,where k is a constant determined based on the type and size of thecontrol data, a resource allocation offset, β-offset, sent from a basestation, and a modulation and coding scheme (MCS), and m is a repetitionscalar determined based on the resource allocation offset, β-offset. Thecontrol data and user data may be transmitted on a physical uplinkshared channel (PUSCH) in a long term evolution (LTE) system. The addingmay include a bitwise exclusive or (XOR) operation. The control data maybe a channel quality indicator (CQI), acknowledgment/non-acknowledgmentdata (ACK/NACK), or a rank indicator (RI). The multiplexing may includetime division multiplexing (TDM) and channel multiplexing.

A wireless device for multiplexing uplink control information (UCI) on aphysical uplink shared channel (PUSCH). The wireless device includes aprocessor, memory in electronic communication with the processor andinstructions stored in the memory. The instructions are executable bythe processor to code control data with user data repetition. Theinstructions are also executable by the processor to map the codedcontrol data to a PUSCH resource. The instructions are furtherexecutable by the processor to map a data block base for the codedcontrol data in the PUSCH resource.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless communication system100 using mixed encoding and mixed decoding. A base station 102 may bein wireless communication with one or more wireless communicationdevices 104. A base station 102 may be referred to as an access point, aNode B, an eNodeB or some other terminology. Likewise, a wirelesscommunication device 104 may be referred to as a mobile station, asubscriber station, an access terminal, a remote station, a userterminal, a terminal, a handset, a subscriber unit, user equipment, orsome other terminology. The base station 102 may transmit data to thewireless communication device 104 over a radio frequency (RF)communication channel 110.

Communication between a wireless communication device 104 and a basestation 102 may be accomplished using transmissions over a wirelesslink, including an uplink and a downlink. The communication link may beestablished using a single-input and single-output (SISO),multiple-input and single-output (MISO) or a multiple-input andmultiple-output (MIMO) system. A MIMO system may include both atransmitter and a receiver equipped with multiple transmit and receiveantennas. Thus, the base station 102 may have multiple antennas 101 a-nand the wireless communication device 104 may have multiple antennas 103a-n. In this way, the base station 102 and the wireless communicationdevice 104 may each operate as either a transmitter or a receiver in aMIMO system. A MIMO system may provide improved performance if theadditional dimensionalities created by the multiple transmit and receiveantennas are utilized.

The base station 102 may include a mixed encoder 106 a and a mixeddecoder 108 a. The wireless communication device 104 may also include amixed encoder 106 b and a mixed decoder 108 b. The mixed encoder 106 mayencode user data and control data for transmission. Specifically, themixed encoder 106 may introduce dependency between control data and userdata using a partial superposition code, in which a control data iscoded over a repeated portion of user data. In one configuration, thewireless communication system 100 is an LTE system and the mixed encoder106 reuses all existing user data and control data coding schemes in LTErelease 8 with one binary adding step at the encoding. Differentfeedback levels may be used to get different levels of performanceenhancement.

The mixed decoder 108 may decode a received signal and produce user dataand control data. For fast control decoding, the repeated portion of thedata message may be selected so that the decoding of the control dataachieves at least the same performance as in time division multiplexing(TDM). Due to the differential decoding nature of the repeated user datacancellation used by the mixed decoder 108, the user data portion thatis mapped and added to the control message may be approximately twicethat of the control message in TDM version. Thus, some puncturing may beperformed on the user data to give enough space. This may cause someloss on the user data performance. However, after successful decoding ofthe control message, the repeated user data block may be recovered bycanceling the control coding at the superposition portion. Therepetition of the user data block may improve the performance on thedata decoding. Therefore, the coding gain from the repetition may behigher than the loss from the extra puncturing, thus overall gain may beachieved on user data in addition to control data. Furthermore, with thefeedback from user data, the control performance may be furtherenhanced. By adjusting the mapped portion, better performance may beobserved on both user data and control data compared with release 8 ofTDM.

Thus, the present systems and methods utilize the better errorprotection on control data to give positive feedback on user data andless error output of a user data decoder to give positive feedback oncontrol data. The performance of the system 100 may be greatly enhancedby the introduced mutual information. Furthermore, the present systemsand methods are not limited to one control message, i.e., multiplecontrol messages with different β-offsets may be used in the samemanner.

Therefore, the present systems and methods include a coding method tojoint code two different messages with unequal error protection (UEP)requirements, a decoding process with different levels of feedback andperformance enhancement and a partial unequal error protection (UEP)implementation for different user data/control data ratios.

FIG. 2 is a flow diagram illustrating a method 200 for coding andmultiplexing user data with control data. The method 200 may beperformed by a base station 102 or a wireless communication device 104.User data may arrive to a coding unit at a rate of one transport blockevery transmission time interval (TTI). Parity bits for a CyclicRedundancy Check (CRC) may be computed and attached 212 to a transportblock. The bits in the transport block may be segmented 214 into one ormore code blocks. If the number of bits in the transport block is morethan a max code block size, (e.g., 6144), multiple code blocks may beused. If more than one code blocks are used, a CRC sequence may beattached to each code block. However, if the number of bits in thetransport block is fewer than a max code block size, only one code blockmay be used.

Each code block may then be turbo encoded 216. The turbo coded blocksmay then be rate matched 218. Rate matching may includepuncturing/removing, or expanding/repeating bits from the turbo codedblocks. The rate matched code blocks may then be concatenated 220together. In addition to user data, various control data may also becoded 222, 224, 226, e.g., channel quality indicators (CQI), precodingmatrix indicators (PMI), acknowledgment/non-acknowledgment data(HARQ-ACK), rank indication (RI), etc. Some of the coded control datamay be multiplexed 228 with the user data. Furthermore, the multiplexedsignal may be interleaved 230 with coded control data, i.e., modulationsymbols are mapped onto the transmit waveform.

In LTE Release-8, the control and data multiplexing is performed suchthat hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK)information is present on both slots and is mapped to resources aroundthe demodulation reference signals. In addition, the multiplexingensures that control and data information are mapped to differentmodulation symbols. The control mapping is performed in two differentways depending the type of control information (data and controlmultiplexing or using a channel interleaver).

The data and control multiplexing 228 may multiplex coded controlinformation for CQI/PMI. The inputs to the data and control multiplexing228 are the coded bits of the control information and may be denoted byq₀, q₁, q₂, q₃, . . . , q_(Q) _(CQI) ₋₁ and the coded bits of the UL-SCHmay be denoted by f₀, f₁, f₂, f₃, . . . , f_(G-1). The output of thedata and control multiplexing operation may be denoted by g₀, g₁, g₂, .. . , g_(H-1), where H=(G+Q_(CQI)) is the total number of bits on UL-SCHand H′=H/Q_(m) is the total number of symbols with modulation order ofQ_(m) (e.g., Q_(m)=2 for QPSK, Q_(m)=6 for 16QAM and where g_(i), i=H′−1are column vectors of length Q_(m)). H is the total number of coded bitsallocated for UL-SCH data and CQI/PMI information. In other words, thecoded CQI is allocated to the REs at the top of the PUSCH resource in atop to down manner.

The channel interleaver 230 in conjunction with the resource elementmapping for PUSCH implements a time-first mapping of modulation symbolsonto the transmit waveform while ensuring that the HARQ-ACK informationis present on both slots in the subframe and is mapped to resourcesaround the uplink demodulation reference signals. Similar method is usedfor rank indicator (RI) information with different mapping locations.

FIG. 3 is a flow diagram illustrating a method 300 for encoding andmultiplexing user data and control data. The method 300 may be performedby an encoder on a base station 102 or a wireless communication device104. The encoder may determine 332 the user data block size, A, and themodulation order Q_(m) from the current modulation and coding scheme(MCS). The MCS may be provided by a base station 102. The encoder mayalso determine 334 the type and length of control data, i.e., controlmessages. The uncoded control data may be E bits. The encoder may alsocalculate 336 the resource allocation and repetition scalar, m, forcontrol data coding from the MCS setting and resource allocation offsetβ-offset. The resource allocation offset, β-offset, may be received froma base station 102 and may determine the resource allocation betweenuser data and control data. The repetition scalar, m, may be determinedbased on the MCS setting and the resource allocation offset, β-offset,and may determine the number of times the control data is repeated.

The encoder may also encode 338 the user data to produce B bits ofencoded data. In one configuration, the user data and control data maybe coded separately using different coding techniques. The user data maybe coded with a rate 1/3 Turbo code. The encoder may also rate match 340based on the allocated PUSCH resource, and then puncture the user datato give space for control data. This may produce D symbols of ratematched turbo coded data.

The encoder may also encode 342 the control data into F bits. This mayinclude using a Reed-Muller code, 1/3 tail biting convolutional code,etc. The encoder may also repeat 344 the F bits of coded control data mtimes to produce C symbols with modulation order of Q_(m). The parameterm may be calculated based on the resource allocation offset, β-offset,that is received from a base station. The encoder may also combine 346the coded rate matched user data with the coded extended control datausing time division multiplexing (TDM) H′=(D+C) symbols, where H′ is thenumber of symbols for the allocated PUSCH resource. The H′ symbols aremapped on the PUSCH resource and are transmitted in one uplink frame.Both the coded data and coded control are rate matched and/or repeatedto integer number of symbols.

FIG. 4 is a flow diagram illustrating a method 400 for mixed encoding.The method 400 may be performed by a mixed encoder 106 on a base station102 or a wireless communication device 104. Similar to the method 300illustrated in FIG. 3, the mixed encoder 106 may determine 432 the userdata block size, A, from the current modulation and coding scheme (MCS).The MCS may be provided by a base station 102. The mixed encoder 106 mayalso determine 434 the type and length of control data, i.e., controlmessages. The uncoded control data may be E bits. The mixed encoder 106may also calculate 436 the repetition scalar, m, for control data codingbased on the MCS setting and the resource allocation offset β-offset.The resource allocation offset, β-offset, may be received from a basestation 102 and may determine the resource allocation between user dataand control data. The repetition scalar, m, may be determined based onthe MCS setting and the resource allocation offset, β-offset, and maydetermine the number of times control data is repeated. The mixedencoder 106 may also determine 437 a mixing scalar, k, which may also beused to determine the number of times control data is repeated. Themixing scalar, k, may be determined 437 based on a pre-defined algorithmfrom known parameters, e.g., MCS setting, type/size of controlinformation, β-offset, etc. Alternatively, the mixing scalar, k, may bedetermined 437 from a lookup table of different input parametercombinations. The lookup table may be pre-defined and may be changed bymutual agreement between a base station 102 and a wireless communicationdevice 104.

The mixed encoder 106 may also encode 438 the user data to produce Bbits of encoded data. Likewise, the mixed encoder 106 may also encode442 the control data into F bits. As before, the user data and controldata may be coded separately using different coding techniques. The userdata may be coded with a rate 1/3 Turbo code and the control data may becoded with a Reed-Muller code or 1/3 tail biting convolutional code.

The encoder may also rate match 439 the user data and give space forcontrol data. In this method 400, however, the control data may be kCsymbols, where k is a mixing scalar. Therefore, the rate matching 439may reduce the D symbols of user data to (D−(k−1)C) symbols ofmodulation order Q_(m) to accommodate the kC symbols of control datawith the same modulation order Q_(m). In other words, the control datais larger in the method 400 illustrated in FIG. 4 than in the method 300illustrated in FIG. 3. Therefore, the rate matching in the method 400illustrated in FIG. 4 may reduce the user data more than in the method300 illustrated in FIG. 3 to accommodate the larger control data.

The mixing encoder 106 may also repeat 443 the F bits of coded controldata k*m times to produce kC symbols. In other words, the method 400illustrated in FIG. 4 repeats the coded control data k times more thanthe method 300 illustrated in FIG. 3, thus resulting in kC symbolsrather than C symbols.

Rather than combining the coded rate matched user data and the codedextended control data, the mixing encoder 106 may binary add 450 (i.e.,binary XOR operation) a copy of kC symbols of the rate matched user data448 with the coded control data. This may produce mixed userdata/control data 452. The XOR operation is between Q_(m)*kC bits of thecopy of kC symbols of the rate matched data and the Q_(m)*kC bits of thekC symbols of coded control. The output Q_(m)*kC bits is grouped backinto kC symbols with modulation order of Q_(m). The mixing encoder 106may then combine 454 the coded rate matched user data with the mixeduser data/control data block 452 (H′=D+C symbols) using time divisionmultiplexing (TDM) so that the total number of symbols on the UL-SCH isstill H′.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating time division multiplexing (TDM)and mixed encoding. In communication systems, it is very common thatdifferent messages have different target error protection requirements,i.e. they require unequal error protection (UEP). A more importantmessage may be much shorter than the other messages, such as user data,but may require more robust error protection. For example, control data558 such as a channel quality indicator (CQI) andacknowledgment/non-acknowledgment data (ACK/NACK) may require more errorprotection than user data 556.

One possible method to achieve UEP is to code the different messagesseparately and transmit in different time/frequency resourceallocations. Specifically, UEP may be achieved by different coderedundancy, such as coding rate, the number of repetitions, etc. Forexample, user data 556 and control data 558 on the long term evolution(LTE) physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) are coded and transmittedseparately using TDM. A resource allocation offset, β-offset, is definedto give better protection on the control data, so that β times resourceis allocated to each control data bit compared with each user datainformation bit.

The control redundancy (e.g., on LTE PUSCH) is provided by a simplerepetition of the coded control data 562 bits. The number of repetitionsmay be denoted by a repetition scalar, m, that is calculated by thecorresponding modulation and coding scheme (MCS) setting and theresource allocation offset, β-offset. The coded user data 560 is ratematched to provide resources for the control allocation. The defaultresource allocation offset, β-offset, may be 20 times for ACK/NACK andrank indicator (RI), and 6.25 times for CQI. Although only one type ofcontrol message is illustrated in FIG. 5, the same technique applies tomultiple control messages with different β-offsets.

The MCS setting provided by a base station 102 defines the total numberof resource elements (REs) available for a subframe transmission, andthe user data 556 transport block size A. The wireless communicationdevice 104 (e.g., user equipment) may have the types/lengths of controlmessages to be transmitted in the current subframe, e.g. E bits ofcontrol data 558.

The user data 556 and control data 558 may be coded separately with thespecified coding methods to B and F bits, respectively. For example, inLTE, user data 556 may be coded with rate 1/3 Turbo code to producecoded user data (B bits) 560. In contrast, the control data 558 may usea different code, e.g., the CQI may be coded by a (32, O) Reed-Mullercode when the length of the CQI is 11 bits or less, while the CQI may becoded by a 1/3 tail biting convolutional code when the length of the CQIis more than 11 bits. This may produce coded control data (F bits) 562.

The coded user data 560 and coded control data 562 may be adjusted andmultiplexed with required control redundancy. Specifically, the codeduser data 560 may be rate matched to fit into the resource elements(REs) of the current MCS setting. This may include puncturing bits inthe coded user data 560 to give space for the control messages. Thecoded control data (F bits) 562 may be repeated m times to C bits, wherem is a repetition scalar calculated based on the resource allocationoffset, β-offset.

The D-symbol turbo code output 564 may then be combined with theextended control data (C symbols) 566 using TDM. However, this may notprovide any interaction between the rate matched user data 564 and theextended control data 566.

The present systems and methods, however, include a code mixingmechanism to provide deterministic dependency between messages.Specifically, the present systems and methods mix coded control datawith a block of repeated user data. Thus, an iterative feedback may beadded to one message after the decoding of the other as follows.Furthermore, mixed coding explores the marginal distribution of two setsof codes, and may significantly improve the overall system performance.

In one configuration, mixed coding is implemented in LTE with minimummodifications on existing LTE schemes. The code may reuse the existingchannel coder with a simple extra step at encoder. At the decoder, theoutputs of the decoders may feedback to each other and reinforce thecode performance. Three different feedback levels may be defined fordecoding to get different levels of performance enhancement withdifferent complexity. Level 1 is to feedback coded control only. Level 2is to feedback decoded control, thus control coding gain is utilized.Level 3 is to feedback decoded data output, thus the data coding gain isalso explored. Analytical and simulation results show that mixed codingmay increase performance compared with the standard time divisionmultiplexing (TDM) scheme in LTE on physical uplink share channel(PUSCH).

For low rate settings where the user data coding rate is less than 1/3,better performance is achieved on user data and control datasimultaneously. The user data performance is similar to that of userdata only if no control data is added, thus better than the dataperformance in TDM. The control data may spread into a larger portion,and thus may be more reliable than control data in TDM version with 3dB, 6 dB or even more coding gains depending on the spreading factor.This may be a particularly optimal use case for mixed coding.

For medium and high rate settings, the mixed coding may providecomparable performance even without Level 3 feedback and better overallperformance with Level 3 feedback. With the same user data performanceas in TDM, a gain of 1.5 dB to 3 dB may be observed on control data. Onthe other hand, if the same control data performance is maintained, itmay bring some performance gain over TDM.

Code mixing may utilize the user data and control data coding with anextra step of determined code block repetition and mixing. With a scalefactor of k, the rate matched user data 564 may be rate matched again toproduce double rate matched user data (D−(k−1)C symbols coded data) 568a. The extended control data 566 may be extended again using repetitionto produce double extended control data (kC symbols) 570. Alternatively,the double rate matched user data 568 a may be produced by rate matchingthe coded user data (B bits) 560 directly using a resource allocationoffset of β-offset=k*(given β-offset). Likewise, the double extendedcontrol data 570 may be produced by repeating the coded control data 562directly using a repetition scalar m=k*m. The appropriate value of k maybe decided by the operating channel condition. For example, k may bechosen as 2 or greater to give fast control decoding with comparableperformance, or chosen between 1 and 2 if level 3 feedback is used.

A copy of kC symbols of the double rate matched user data 572 may betaken from the double rate matched user data 568 a and binary added withthe extended control data (kC symbols) 570. This may produce mixed userdata/control data 574 that may be included in the final output alongwith the double rate matched user data 568 b. Mathematically, the binaryadd may use a bitwise XOR operation.

Alternatively, if the coding rate used for the user data 556 is lessthan 1/3, a repetition block may already be present in the rate matcher.Therefore, the repetition block in the rate matcher may be used insteadof implementing a second rate matcher.

Additionally, the determination of the mixing scalar, k, may be based ona pre-defined algorithm from other parameters, such as MCS setting,type/size of control information, resource allocation offset (β-offset),etc. The appropriate value may be evaluated by offline optimizationfunctions for different data/control multiplexing settings. Inimplementation, the mixing scalar k may be a simple lookup table ofdifferent input parameter combinations. The table may be pre-defined. Itmay also be possible to make customized changes by mutual agreementbetween a base station 102 and a wireless communication device 104,e.g., an eNodeB and user equipment. Furthermore, the number ofrepetitions m in the user data and control data multiplexing, and themixing scalar k may be non-integer numbers, i.e., m and k may also befractional values.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless device 676 that usesmixed coding. The wireless device 676 may be a base station 102 or awireless communication device 104. A mixed encoder 606 may receive adata stream that includes user data 656 and control data 658. A userdata coder 682 a may encode the user data 656 to produce coded user data660, e.g., using a 1/3 Turbo decoder. A control data coder 682 b mayencode the control data 658 to produce coded control data 662, e.g.,using a Reed-Muller code or a 1/3 tail biting convolutional code. Thecoded user data 660 may be rate matched in a rate matcher 684 to producedouble rate matched user data 668 a. The coded control data 662 may beextended in a control data repeater 686 to produce double extendedcontrol data 670. This may include repeating the coded control data 662a number of times indicated by the repetition scalar 697, m, and amixing scalar 698, k (i.e., the bits in the coded control data 662 maybe repeated k*m times to produce the double extended control data 670).The repetition scalar 697 may be determined by a resource allocationoffset 696, β-offset, received from a base station 102. The mixingscalar k 698 may be determined based on a pre-defined algorithm fromother parameters, such as MCS setting, type/size of control information,resource allocation offset 696, β-offset, etc.

Alternatively, the rate matching of the coded user data 660 may includean intermediate step, not shown, where the coded user data 660 is ratematched into rate matched user data 564 that is then rate matched againinto double rate matched data 668 a. Similarly, the extending of thecoded control data 662 into double extended control data 670 may includean intermediate step, not shown, where the coded control data 662 isextended into extended control data 566 that is then extended again intodouble extended control data 670. If the intermediate step is used, theextended control data 566 may include C symbols (i.e., Q_(m)*C bits)while the double extended control data 670 may include Q_(m)*kC bits(i.e., kC symbols with modulation order of Q_(m)). Thus, the doubleextended control data 670 may include k multiples of the number of bitsincluded in the extended control data 566.

A code mixer 688 may copy a portion (Q_(m)*kC bits) of the double ratematched user data 668 a using a partial user data repeater 690. The copyof Q_(m)*kC bits of double rate matched user data 572 may be added tothe double extended control data 670 to produce mixed user data/controldata 674. The binary adding may be performed by a binary adder 692. Thedouble rate matched user data 668 b and the mixed user data/control data674 may be combined in a time division multiplexer 694. After encoding,the combined output of the mixed encoder may be interleaved and mappedor modulated by an interleaver 678 and a mapper/modulator 680.

FIG. 7 is a flow diagram illustrating a method 700 for mixed decoding.The method 700 may be performed by a mixed decoder 108 on a base station102 or a wireless communication device 104. Data described in the mixeddecoder 108 as corresponding to data in a mixed encoder 106 may beestimates of such data, and therefore, may include differences.Additionally, data described in the mixed decoder 108 may be in softform (e.g., log likelihood ratios (LLRs)) or hard form (i.e., a formthat includes no indication of probability or reliability of the data).

With a determined user data code repetition, the “dirty paper” of thecontrol message may be known. Therefore, at the receiver, the dirtychannel may be cancelled first from the mixed user data/control data toget the coded control data. Then the coded control data may be cancelledto get another copy of the repeated user data. The soft combining of twocopies of the repeated user data may provide better received signalquality, thus gain on the data decoding.

Furthermore, the outputs from the control data and user data decodingmay feedback to each other to give extra gain. There may be 3 possiblefeedback levels with different complexity. Level 1 may feedback codedcontrol data only. Level 2 may feedback decoded control data thuscontrol data coding gain is utilized. Level 3 may feedback decoded userdata output, thus user data coding gain is also explored.

The mixed decoder 108 may receive 702 coded user data and mixed userdata/control data 774. The coded user data may be separated intonon-repeated user data 704 and repeated user data 706 a. Thenon-repeated data 704 may be the portion of the received user data thatwas not binary added with the control data at the mixed encoder 106,i.e., the non-copied portion of the double rate matched user data 568 aillustrated in FIG. 5. The repeated user data 706 a may be the portion(kC bits) of the received user data that was binary added with thecontrol data at the mixed encoder 106, i.e., the copied portion of thedouble rate matched user data 568 a illustrated in FIG. 5. The mixeduser data/control data 774 may be the binary added portion of thereceived data, i.e., the mixed user data/control data 574 illustrated inFIG. 5.

The mixed decoder 108 may use the repeated user data 706 a as areference and cancel 708 the user data portion of the mixed userdata/control data 774 to produce double extended control data 770 a. Thebit log likelihood ratio (LLR) soft output may be obtained by the bitLLRs of the mixed user data/control data 774 and repeated user data 706a. This is essentially a differential decoding.

The mixed decoder 108 may then soft combine 710 k*m copies of each bitin the double extended control data 770 a to produce coded control data(F bits) 762 a. This may be done by simply adding the LLRs of k*m copiesof the same bit.

If level 1 feedback 759 a is used, the mixed decoder 108 may use thehard decision 712 to determine the hard coded control data 762 b fromthe soft coded control data 762 a. This may include converting LLRs ofthe soft coded control data 762 a into hard, non-LLR coded control data762 b, i.e., the hard coded control data 762 b may not indicateprobability or reliability of data. The hard coded control data 762 bmay then be repeated 718 into double extended control data 770 b.Alternatively, if level 2 feedback 759 b is used, the coded control data762 a may be decoded 714 to produce control data 758 that may then bere-encoded 716 into coded control data 762 c. The coded control data 762c may then be repeated 718 into double extended control data 770 b.

The mixed decoder 108 may produce another copy of the repeated user data706 b by canceling 720 the double extended control data 770 b from themixed user data/control data 774. The soft LLR data output of the mixedblock may be obtained by flipping the LLR polarity when thecorresponding control data bit is 1. The mixed decoder 108 may softcombine 722 the two versions of the repeated user data 706, i.e., thereceived repeated user data 706 a and the determined repeated user data706 b. This may give a better signal quality to a user data decoder. Thecombining may be a sum of the LLRs of the two versions of repeated userdata 706, i.e., one from the transmission, one from the canceling 720.

The mixed decoder 108 may combine 724 and decode 726 the combinedrepeated user data 706 c and the non-repeated user data 704 to produceuser data 756. The improved input signal quality results in improveduser data code performance.

Additionally, enhanced control performance may be obtained by usinglevel 3 feedback 759 c of the user data 756. If level 3 feedback 759 cis used, the mixed encoder may encode 728 the user data 756 to producecorresponding repeated user data 706 d. The mixed decoder 108 may thencancel 708 the repeated user data 706 d from the mixed data/control data774. This may provide a cleaner version of the double extended controldata 770 a. The mixed decoder 108 may then repeat the control decodingagain.

An iterative process is possible to maximize the performance gain onboth user data and control data. However, in most cases, one iterationmay be sufficient to achieve desired performance. For fractional m and kvalues, the last fractional copy may be padded with all 0 values duringthe soft combining of LLR in the process above.

In the mixed decoding process, the control message (i.e., the controldata 758) may be recovered by comparing the repeated user data 706 a andthe mixed user data/control data 774. This may be equivalent totransmitting the control data 758 over a noisier channel because thenoises on the two blocks are added together during the decoding process.A larger k may increase the control coding redundancy and may alleviatethe increased noise. After the control data 758 decoding, both level 1feedback 759 a and level 2 feedback 759 b may provide cleaner codedcontrol data 762 b-c, thus improving the repeated user data 706 b signalquality, then the user data performance. Level 3 feedback 759 c mayprovide further enhancement by providing cleaner user data 756 to themixed block, thus the control data performance may be increased.

With one or more iterations, the error residue from the user datadecoding 726 and control data decoding 714 may be very small. Theequivalent user data and control data performance, assuming idealcancellation of each other, may become the performance limits. Receiveduser data may become double rate matched user data with kC bits blockrepetition, and received control data may become double extended controldata 770 (kC bits) with approximately 10*log 10(k) dB gain.

For low rate settings where the data coding rate is less than 1/3, mixedcoding may provide better performance on user data and control datasimultaneously. In this case, the control data mixing is added directlyto the rate matched user data. Therefore, with control datacancellation, the user data performance is similar to that of user dataonly as if no control data is added, thus mixed coding may performbetter than the user data in TDM. Additionally, the control data may bespread into a large portion, which may cause higher reliability than theTDM control data.

Low code rates may be used on nearly 50% of all MCS settings. Also, lowcode rates used more in poor channel quality, such as cell edge cases,may be vulnerable to large control data overhead. Mixed coding may be aparticularly appealing solution to provide relatively large gains onboth control data and user data. In fact, mixed coding may provide moregain when the control data overhead is large.

For medium and high rate settings, mixed coding may provide comparableperformance even without level 3 feedback 759 c and better overallperformance with level 3 feedback 759 c. With the same data performanceas in TDM, 1.5 dB-3 dB gain may be observed on control data. On theother hand, if the same control data performance is maintained, it maybring some user data performance gain over TDM.

As an example, with a nominal 1/3 code rate user data and 3-to-1 codeduser data and control data TDM allocation, coded user data may be ratematched to rate 1/2, and the whole data block may be repeated and mixedwith k=2 times expanded coded control data. Mixed coding may achieve 0.6dB performance gain on user data and 3 dB gain on control datasimultaneously over the TDM version. This may be translated to 15% lesstransmission power to achieve the same TDM data performance with 50%less control data error than TDM version.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless device 876 that usesmixed decoding. The wireless device 876 may be a base station 102 or awireless communication device 104. A demapper/demodulator 830 and ade-interleaver 832 may demap or demodulate and de-interleave a receivedsignal, respectively.

A mixed decoder 808 may use received data 834 to produce user data 856and control data 858. In other words, the non-repeated user data 804,repeated user data 806, and mixed user data/control data 874 illustratedin FIG. 8 correspond to the non-repeated user data 704, repeated userdata 706, and mixed user data/control data 774 illustrated in FIG. 7. Toperform the decoding, the mixed decoder 808 may use a user data decoder836 and a control data decoder 838. The user data decoder 836 may decodeuser data and may correspond to a user data coder 682 a illustrated inFIG. 6, e.g., a 1/3 Turbo decoder. The control data decoder 838 maydecode control data and may correspond to a control data coder 682 billustrated in FIG. 6, e.g., a Reed-Muller decoder or a 1/3 tail bitingconvolutional decoder.

The mixed decoder 808 may also include a user data encoder 840 and acontrol data encoder 842, a user data soft combine module 844, a controldata soft combine module 846, a first cancellation module 848, a secondcancellation module 850, a hard decision module 852 and a repeater 854that are used in steps 728, 716, 722, 710, 708, 720, 712, and 718illustrated in FIG. 7, respectively. Specifically, the user data encoder840 may be used to produce the user data 856 and the control dataencoder 842 may be used to produce the control data 858. The user datasoft combine module 844 may produce repeated user data 806 and thecontrol data soft combine module 846 may produce coded control data 762a. The first cancellation module 848 and the second cancellation module850 may remove the repeated user data 806 and the double extendedcontrol data 770 b from the mixed user data/control data 874,respectively. The hard decision module 852 may convert soft codedcontrol data 762 a into hard coded control data 762 b. The repeater 854may repeat, or extend, the bits in coded control data 762 to producedouble extended control data 770 b.

FIG. 9 is a flow diagram of a method 924 for multiplexing uplink controlinformation (UCI) on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH). Themethod 924 may be performed by a mixed encoder 106 on a wireless devicesuch as a base station 102 or a wireless communication device 104. TheUCI may be referred to as control data. In one configuration, the UCImay include CQI/PMI, ACK/NACK and RI. The wireless device may code 926control data with user data repetition. The wireless device may then map928 the coded control data to the PUSCH resource. The PUSCH resource mayhave one or more layers. One or more codewords may be mapped to thePUSCH resources; one codeword may be mapped on one or more layers. Thewireless device may also map 930 a data block base for the coded controldata in the PUSCH resource. The data block base may be a superpositioncoding base. Mapping the data block base for the coded control data inthe PUSCH resource may include identifying the location of the repeateddata block that will be used as the coding base.

FIG. 10 is a flow diagram of a method 900 for UCI mapping and repetitiondata block determination. The method 900 may correspond to singleantenna transmissions. However, the method 900 may also be modified toallow for multiple antenna transmissions (i.e., SU-MIMO). The method 900may be performed by a wireless device. For example, the method may beperformed by a mixed encoder 106 on a base station 102 or a wirelesscommunication device 104. Compared with the standard UCI multiplexing,the mixed coding approach requires expanded control coding by thescaling factor of k. Furthermore, the repetition data block for UCIsuperposition coding must be determined.

Since a scale factor k is required to expand the control coding, acorresponding data block needs to be chosen as the superposition codingbase. The method 900 is applicable when the new rate matched data blockis larger than the expanded control block. For example, consider k=2.The code data length L_data and coded control length L_ctrl ratio withthe Release-8 method should be greater than 3 so that the expandedcontrol length L_mixedctrl=k*L_ctrl is still smaller than the puncturedata block size L_data_punctured=L_data−(k−1)L_ctrl. In practice, thisshould be the case because the schedule should be able to correctlyschedule the MCS setting and the number of physical resource blocks(PRBs) to satisfy the desired target performance.

Due to the differential nature of extracting the coded control bits fromthe mixed coding block and the base repetition data block, thedifferential coded control bit error rate will be roughly twice that ofthe raw channel bit error rate. Therefore, the scale factor k shouldalso depend on the expected raw channel bit error rate. Thus, k shouldbe higher when the expected raw channel bit error rate is high. Thechannel condition can be estimated by the modulation coding scheme (MCS)setting, which also decides the transport block size (TBS) index(I_(TBS)) used to decide the PUSCH data block size. In general, a higherMCS value represents a better channel quality.

For a single antenna transmission, only one codeword can be transmittedon one layer. The Release-9 time division multiplexing (TDM) versioncomputes the number of symbols based on the β-offset. In the mixedcontrol coding case, the number of symbols required for the mixedcontrol coding depends on the k*β-offset, but the same multiplexingprocess as in Release-8 can be applied. Thus, the encoder 106 may obtain902 control data for coding. The encoder 106 may then compute 904 anumber of coded control symbols Q′ required for mixed control codingbased on k*β-offset.

The encoder 106 may determine 906 whether the control data is channelquality indicator (CQI)/precoding matrix indicator (PMI) or ACK/NACK orrouting indicator (RI). If the control data is ACK/NACK or RI, theencoder 106 may channel interleave 908 the control data from the bottomup in the required columns of a slot of a PUSCH resource to minimize theprobability of collision with CQI/PMI information. Channel interleavingof ACK/NACK and/or RI is to replace the data symbols on the PUSCH withthe coded ACK/NACK and/or RI symbols. No rate matching on data output isneeded. Instead, the data symbols may simply be replaced. In the mixedcoding approach, an extra decision must be made identifying the locationof the repeated data block that is used as the coding base for the mixeddata/control coding. The encoder 106 may use 910 the data block that isimmediately above the channel interleaving block as the superpositioncoding base. The encoder 106 may also obtain 912 mixed ACK/NACK and/orRI control outputs as the XOR output of the given data block and theexpanded ACK/NACK and/or RI coding outputs. This mapping keeps thecoding base data block in the same discrete Fourier transform-orthogonalfrequency division multiplexing (DFT-OFDM) symbol and maintains the samecolumn assignment and mechanisms as in Release-8.

If the control data is CQI/PMI, the encoder 106 may multiplex 914 themixed coded CQI/PMI from the top down in a slot of a PUSCH resource.Multiplexing refers to adding coded control data (CQI/PMI) in front ofcoded data, where the tail of coded data is punctured. The term ratematching be used (however, the rate matching applies to one step earlierwhen the data output is rate matched to fill all PUSCH resources; thenif CQI/PMI multiplexing is applied, the tail is punctured (it is a ratematching also) to give space for coded CQI/PMI). After multiplexing, thesymbols may be mapped to all resource elements of the PUSCH. For CQP/PMImixed coding, the repetition data block should be selected to achievethe best data coding performance after mixed decoding. The nominal turbooutput has a coding rate of 1/3. The encoder 106 may determine 916whether the rate matched output has a coding rate less than 1/3. If therate matched output has a coding rate greater than 1/3 (i.e., puncturingon the turbo output is applied), the encoder 106 may use 920 the datablock on subcarriers that is immediately below the control multiplexingregion as the superposition coding base. The superposition coding baseis the repetition data block. The superposition coding base may also bereferred to as the coding base (i.e., the channel) for the coded controlsequence.

After the mixed decoding with CQI/PMI feedback, another copy of thisdata block can be recovered to enhance the data decoding. For a codewordwith an initial transmission, redundant version 0 may be used and thedata output starts with the systematic bits. Repetition on thesystematic bits may achieve better performance than on parity bits.

If the rate matched data output has a code rate less than 1/3 (i.e.,some repetition of the turbo output is already applied), the encoder 106may use 918 the data block on subcarriers that is immediately below theturbo code repetition part as the repetition data block for the mixedCQI/PMI coding. Thus, the recovered repetition data block after themixed coding of CQI/PMI feedback may enhance extended bits instead ofthe already repeated bits. If the rate matched data output has a coderate less than 1/3, the repetition block used for the mixed codingshould be selected.

The encoder 106 may then obtain 922 the mixed CQI/PMI control output asthe XOR output of the given data block and the expanded CQI/PMI controlcoding output. This ensures that the differential coded symbol is in thesame DFT-OFDM symbol. All symbols mapped to the PUSCH resource are inmodulation order of Q_(m), which is decided by the modulation and codingscheme (MCS) setting and the PUSCH resource allocation (i.e., the numberof physical resource blocks). The XOR operation is performed between asymbol of the coded control and a symbol of the repetition data block.We may use d as a symbol of Q_(m) bits in the repetition data region andc as a symbol of Q_(m) bits in the coded control. The XOR output d+c isa symbol of Q_(m) bits of mixed coding output, where + is a binary XORoperation. The output symbol d+c is mapped to the symbols in the mixedcontrol region which time aligns with the repetition data symbol d(i.e., these two symbols are in the same SC-FDMA symbol).

In LTE and future releases, a codeword or codewords is transmitted inone sub-frame on the PUSCH resource. One sub-frame includes twoconsecutive slots on one layer. In FIGS. 11-18, although only one slotis shown, the same mapping method is applied on the other slot.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating a slot 1005 of a PUSCH subframeusing UCI multiplexing with mixed coding. The slot 1005 may use themultiplexing method and data block coding base selection on one layerwith mixed coding discussed above in relation to FIG. 10. Each slot 1005may include subcarriers 1009 and SC-FDMA symbols 1007, where eachsubcarrier 1009 of each SC-FDMA symbol 1007 is a resource element 1011.The number of SC-FDMA symbols N_(syms) ^(UL) in a slot 1005 depends onthe cyclic prefix setting. N_(syms) ^(UL) is 7 with normal prefix and 6for extended prefix. Each layer of each slot 1005 may include one ormore reference symbols 1099.

The encoder 106 may fill up the resource elements 1011 of the slot 1005from the top down with the mixed coded CQI/PMI 1017. The encoder 106 maynot fill up the resource elements 1011 that are already filled withreference symbols 1099. The data block base for the mixed coded CQI/PMI1019 is also illustrated. The data block base for the mixed codedCQI/PMI 1019 may be located directly below the mixed coded CQI/PMI 1017in the slot 1005, or it could be located in the middle of the datablock, depending on the rate matched data coding rate setting. Theencoder 106 may fill up the required columns of the slot 1005 with themixed coded ACK/NACK 1021 from the bottom up. The data block base formixed coded ACK/NACK 1023 is also illustrated directly above the mixedcoded ACK/NACK 1021 in the slot 1005. The encoder 106 may fill up therequired columns of the slot 1005 with the mixed coded RI 1025. The datablock base for the mixed coded R 10271 is also illustrated directlyabove the mixed coded RI 1025 in the slot 1005.

The symbol d 1015 may be copied and binary XORed with the coded controloutput c to obtain the mixed output d+c 1013. The mixed output d+c 1013may then be transmitted in the mixed coding region. All symbols mappedto the PUSCH resource are in modulation order of Q_(m), which is decidedby the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) setting and the PUSCH resourceallocation (i.e., the number of physical resource blocks). The XORoperation is performed between a symbol of the coded control and asymbol of the repetition data block. As discussed above, d is a symbolof Q_(m) bits in the repetition data region and c is a symbol of Q_(m)bits of the coded control. The XOR output d+c is a symbol of Q_(m) bitsof mixed coding output, where + is a binary XOR operation. The outputsymbol d+c is mapped to the symbols in the mixed control region, whichtime aligns with the repetition data symbols d (i.e., these two symbolsare in the same SC_FDMA symbol).

FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating a slot 1105 of a PUSCH subframeusing UCI multiplexing with two layers 1129. Each slot 1105 may includesubcarriers 1109 and SC-FDMA symbols 1107, where each subcarrier 1109 ofeach SC-FDMA symbol 1107 is a resource element 1011. Each layer 1129 ofeach slot 1105 may include one or more reference symbols 1199.

In LTE Release-10 and beyond, a wireless communication device 104 canuse multiple antennas 103 for data transmission, thus allowing singleuser multiple input and multiple output (SU-MIMO). A wirelesscommunication device 104 can transmit the UCI by multiplexing the UCI onone or multiple codewords (CW) (i.e., transport blocks (TBs)). Eachcodeword may be on one or multiple layers 1129.

The basic rule is to apply the UCI multiplexing method of FIG. 10 oneach layer 1129 that allows UCI multiplexing. The mapping method on eachlayer 1129 that is selected to have UCI multiplexing may be the same asin the single antenna transmission case. However, the number of codedcontrol symbols Q′ required for the mixed control coding may becalculated with k*β-offset instead of with β-offset as in Release-8 UCImultiplexing. The CQI/PMI may be multiplexed on only one codeword withan extension of time alignment across layers 1129 when two layers 1129are used. The ACK/NACK and RI may be mapped on all codewords of alllayers. The slot 1105 of FIG. 12 may use the UCI multiplexing method anddata block coding base selection on only one layer 1129 with mixedcoding.

In one configuration where two layers 1129 a-b are available, all UCImultiplexing may be performed on one layer 1129. Mapping to one layer1129 is simpler. However, mapping to two layers 1129 has potentialdiversity gain. Mapping to one layer 1129 and to two layers 1129 willlead to similar performance with the mixed coding approach. If the twolayers 1129 have different channel qualities, UCI multiplexing may beapplied on the layer 1129 with the better channel quality. If a scalefactor k is given, the mixed coding block size may be fixed. Thus, thelayer 1129 with the better channel quality may be used to minimize thedifferential decoding error. However, using the layer 1129 with thebetter channel quality may reduce the required k value, thereby reducingthe size of the mixed coding block.

The UCI mixed coding block and the repetition data block mapping for twolayers 1129 may be similar to the single antenna transmission case onthe selected layer 1129. Thus, the mixed coded CQI/PMI 1117 may bemapped from the top down in the slot 1105 on the first layer 1129 a(i.e., Layer 1). The repetition data block (i.e., data block base forthe mixed coded CQI/PMI 1119) may be the block right after the mixedcoded CQI/PMI block 1117. The symbol d 1115 may be copied and binaryXORed with the coded control output c to obtain the mixed output d+c1113. The mixed output d+c 1113 may then be transmitted in the mixedcoding region.

The mixed coded ACK/NACK 1121 and mixed coded RI 1125 may be mapped fromthe bottom up on Layer 1 1129 a in the required columns. The repetitiondata block base for the mixed coded ACK/NACK 1123 may be directly abovethe mapped mixed coded ACK/NACK 1123 block in the slot 1105. Therepetition data block base for the mixed coded RI 1127 may be directlyabove the mixed coded RI 1125 in the slot 1105.

The column set for insertion of rank information from 3GPP TS36.212 isshown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 CP Configuration Column Set Normal {1, 4, 7, 10} Extended {0, 3,5, 8} 

The column set for insertion of hybrid automatic repeat request(HARQ)-ACK information from 3GPP TS36.212 is shown in Table 2.

TABLE 2 CP Configuration Column Set Normal {2, 3, 8, 9} Extended {1, 2,6, 7}

FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating another slot 1205 of a PUSCHsubframe using UCI multiplexing with two layers 1229. The slot 1205 mayinclude SC-FDMA symbols 1207 and subcarriers 1209 that make up resourceelements 1011. Some of the resource elements 1011 may be filled withreference symbols 1299. A codeword may be mapped on two layers 1229. InFIG. 13, the UCI may be distributed on both Layer 1 1229 a and layer 21229 b. The UCI may be distributed on both layers 1229 and then themapping method (i.e., the method of FIG. 10) may be applied on eachlayer 1229.

The mixed coded CQI/PMI 1217 may be mapped from the top down on bothLayer 1 1229 a and Layer 2 1229 b. The data block base for the mixedcoded CQI/PMI 1219 may be directly below the mapped mixed coded CQI/PMI1217 on each layer 1229. The mixed coded ACK/NACK 1221 may be mappedfrom the bottom up on both Layer 1 1229 a and Layer 2 1229 b in therequired columns. The data block base for mixed coded ACK/NACK 1223 maybe directly above the mapped mixed coded ACK/NACK 1221 on each layer1229. The mixed coded RI 1225 may be mapped from the bottom up on bothLayer 1 1229 a and Layer 2 1229 b in the required columns. The datablock base for the mixed coded RI 1227 may be directly above the mappedmixed coded RI 1225 on each layer 1229.

The symbol d 1215 may be copied and binary XORed with the coded controloutput c to obtain the mixed output d+c 1213. The mixed output d+c 1213may then be transmitted in the mixed coding region.

FIG. 14 is a block diagram also illustrating a slot 1305 of a PUSCHsubframe using UCI multiplexing with two layers 1329. The slot 1305 mayinclude SC-FDMA symbols 1307 and subcarriers 1309 that make up resourceelements 1011. Some of the resource elements 1011 may be filled withreference symbols 1399. A codeword may be mapped on Layer 1 1329 a andLayer 2 1329 b. In FIG. 14, the different types of UCI may bemultiplexed on different layers 1329. For example, the mixed codedCQI/PMI 1317 may be mapped from the top down on Layer 1 1329 a. The datablock base for the mixed coded CQI/PMI 1321 may be directly below themapped mixed coded CQI/PMI 1317 on Layer 1 1329 b. The mixed coded RImay be mapped from the bottom up on the required column of Layer 1. Thedata block base for the mixed coded RI may be directly above the mappedmixed coded RI on Layer 1.

The mixed coded ACK/NACK may be mapped from the bottom up on therequired column of Layer 2. The data block base for the mixed codedACK/NACK may be directly above the mapped mixed coded ACK/NACK on Layer2. Other configurations of multiplexing different types of the UCI ondifferent layers may also be used. For example, the mixed coded CQI/PMIand the mixed coded ACK/NACK may be mapped on Layer 1 while the mixedcoded RI is mapped on Layer 2.

The symbol d 1315 may be copied and binary XORed with the coded controloutput c to obtain the mixed output d+c 1313. The mixed output d+c 1313may then be transmitted in the mixed coding region.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram illustrating a slot 1405 of a PUSCH subframeusing UCI multiplexing with mixed coding implemented. The slot 1405 mayinclude SC-FDMA symbols 1407 and subcarriers 1409 that make up resourceelements 1011. Some of the resource elements 1011 may be filled withreference symbols 1499. The slot 1405 may have a first layer (Layer 11429 a) and a second layer (Layer 2 1429 b). One codeword may be carriedon Layer 1 1429 a and Layer 2 1429 b. The UCI may be mapped on Layer 11429 a and the corresponding data block base may be mapped on Layer 21429 b as the repetition block.

Thus, the mixed coded CQI/PMI 1417 may be mapped from the top down onLayer 1 1429 a. The data block base for the mixed coded CQI/PMI 1419 maybe mapped from the top down on Layer 2 1429 b. The mixed coded ACK/NACK1421 may be mapped from the bottom up in the required columns of Layer 11429 a. The data block base for the mixed coded ACK/NACK 1423 may be inthe corresponding resource elements 1011 of Layer 2 1429 b. The mixedcoded RI 1425 may be mapped from the bottom up in the required columnsof Layer 1 1429 a. The data block base for the mixed coded RI 1427 maybe in the corresponding resource elements 1011 of Layer 2 1429 b.

The symbol d 1415 may be copied and binary XORed with the coded controloutput c to obtain the mixed output d+c 1413. The mixed output d+c 1413may then be transmitted in the mixed coding region.

FIG. 16 is a block diagram illustrating a slot 1505 of a PUSCH subframeusing UCI multiplexing with two codewords on two layers 1529. The slot1505 may include SC-FDMA symbols 1507 and subcarriers 1509 that make upresource elements 1011. Some of the resource elements 1011 may be filledwith reference symbols 1599. When two codewords are transmitted on twolayers 1529, each layer 1529 has a different codeword. Mapping the UCIto one codeword may simplify the decoding process. However, mapping theUCI to one codeword may introduce data performance degradation only onthe codeword with the UCI multiplexing. When multiplexing to only onecodeword is used, the UCI should be multiplexed on the codeword with thehigher MCS setting. The UCI mixed coding block and the repetition datablock mapping performed on the selected layer 1529 is similar to themapping used on a single antenna transmission.

Applying UCI multiplexing on multiple layers 1529 may be morecomplicated to decode and may bring performance loss on both codewords.However, the performance loss to each codeword will be smaller than theloss from UCI multiplexing on one codeword. In one configuration,different types of UCI can be multiplexed with different methods. Forexample, the mixed coded CQI/PMI 1517 may be multiplexed on only onecodeword while the mixed coded ACK/NACK 1521 and the mixed coded RI 1525are mapped on all codewords across all layers 1529.

In one configuration, the mixed coded CQI/PMI 1517 may be multiplexed ononly one codeword and one layer 1529 (i.e., Layer 1 1529 a) from the topdown. The data block base for the mixed coded CQI/PMI 1519 isillustrated as the data blocks immediately below the mapped mixed codedCQI/PMI 1517 in Layer 1 1529 a. The mixed coding method and therepetition data block decision is thus the same as that used above inrelation to FIG. 10.

The mixed coded ACK/NACK 1521 and the data block base for the mixedcoded ACK/NACK 1523 may be distributed and mapped between Layer1/Codeword 1 1529 a and Layer 2/Codeword 2 1529 b. Likewise, the mixedcoded RI 1525 and the data block base for the mixed coded RI 1527 may bedistributed and mapped between Layer 1/Codeword 1 1529 a and Layer2/Codeword 2 1529 b. Thus, the mixed coding method and repetition datablock method for mixed coded ACK/NACK 1521 and mixed coded RI 1525 asdiscussed above in relation to FIG. 10 may be applied on eachlayer/codeword.

In one configuration, the UCI may be distributed across the firstcodeword and the second codeword (not shown). The mapping method of FIG.10 may then be applied for each layer/codeword 1529. This is similar tothe UCI multiplexing illustrated in FIG. 13. In another configuration,the different types of UCI may be multiplexed on different layers 1529(not shown). For example, the mixed coded CQI/PMI 1517 and the mixedcoded RI 1525 may be mapped to the first layer 1529 a and the firstcodeword using the mapping method of FIG. 10. The data block base forthe mixed coded CQI/PMI 1519 and the data block base for the mixed codedRI 1527 may also be mapped on the first layer 1529 a. The mixed codedACK/NACK 1521 may be mapped to the second layer 1529 b and the secondcodeword using the mapping method of FIG. 10. The data block base forthe mixed coded ACK/NACK 1523 may be mapped to the second layer 1529 band the second codeword.

The symbol d 1515 may be copied and binary XORed with the coded controloutput c to obtain the mixed output d+c 1513. The mixed output d+c 1513may then be transmitted in the mixed coding region.

FIG. 17 is a block diagram illustrating a slot 1605 of a PUSCH subframewith two codewords mapped on four layers 1629. The slot 1605 may includeSC-FDMA symbols 1607 and subcarriers 1609 that make up resource elements1011. Some of the resource elements 1011 may be filled with referencesymbols 1699. In general, the same process for UCI multiplexing may beperformed on multiple (M≧1) codewords over multiple (N≧M) layers 1629.The UCI may be multiplexed on one codeword over one or multiple layers1629. For example, the mixed coded CQI/PMI 1617 may be multiplexed onLayer 1 1629 a and Layer 2 1629 b of Codeword 1 along with the datablock base for the mixed coded CQI/PMI 1619. The mixed coded ACK/NACK1621 and the mixed coded RI 1625 (and the respective data block bases)are mapped on Layer 1 1629 a and Layer 2 1629 b of Codeword 1 and Layer3 1629 c and Layer 4 1629 d of Codeword 2.

As another example, the UCI may be multiplexed in a manner similar tothat of the slot 1305 of FIG. 14. The different types of UCI may bemultiplexed on different layers 1629 (e.g., the mixed coded CQI/PMI 1617may be mapped from the top down on Layer 1 1629 a with the data blockbase for the mixed coded CQI/PMI 1619 directly below the mapped mixedcoded CQI/PMI 1617 on Layer 1 1629 a, the mixed coded RI 1625 may bemapped from the bottom up on the required columns of Layer 1 1629 a withthe data block base for the mixed coded RI 1627 directly above themapped mixed coded RI 1625 on Layer 1 1629 a, and the mixed codedACK/NACK 1621 may be mapped from the bottom up in the required columnsof Layer 2 1629 b with the data block base for the mixed coded ACK/NACK1623 directly above the mapped mixed coded ACK/NACK 1621 on Layer 1 1629a). Many other variations of multiplexing the different types of UCI onmultiple layers 1629 may also be used.

The symbol d 1615 may be copied and binary XORed with the coded controloutput c to obtain the mixed output d+c 1613. The mixed output d+c 1613may then be transmitted in the mixed coding region.

FIG. 18 is a block diagram illustrating a slot 1705 of a PUSCH subframewith two codewords mapped on two layers 1729 using UCI multiplexing by acombination of mixed coding and time division multiplexing (TDM). Theslot 1705 may include SC-FDMA symbols 1707 and subcarriers 1709 thatmake up resource elements 1011. Some of the resource elements 1011 maybe filled with reference symbols 1799. Codeword 1 may be mapped to Layer1 1729 a and Codeword 2 may be mapped to Layer 2 1729 b. Mixed codingdoes not have to be applied to all control messages. In oneconfiguration, mixed coding may be applied on a subset of controlmessages. For example, mixed coding may be applied for the CQI/PMI whiletime division multiplex (TDM) channel interleaving is applied for theACK/NACK and the RI.

The mixed coded CQI/PMI 1717 may be multiplexed on Codeword 1 and Layer1 1729 a from the top down. The data block base for the mixed codedCQI/PMI 1719 may be located directly below the mixed coded CQI/PMI 1717.UCI multiplexing without mixed coding may be applied to the ACK/NACK andthe RI. The coded ACK/NACK 1729 may be mapped on both Layer 1 1729 a andLayer 2 1729 b from the bottom up in the required columns. The coded RI1731 may be mapped on both Layer 1 1729 a and Layer 2 1729 b from thebottom up in the required columns. Thus, the CQI/PMI is multiplexed onone layer 1729 with mixed coding while the ACK/NACK and the RI aremapped on all layers 1729 with time division multiplex (TDM) channelinterleaving without mixed coding.

The symbol d 1715 may be copied and binary XORed with the coded controloutput c to obtain the mixed output d+c 1713. The mixed output d+c 1713may then be transmitted in the mixed coding region.

FIG. 19 is a block diagram of a wireless device 1804 in accordance withone configuration of the described systems and methods. The wirelessdevice 1804 may be a wireless communication device 104, which may alsobe referred to as user equipment, a mobile station, a subscriberstation, an access terminal, a remote station, etc. The wireless device1804 may also be a base station 102, which may also be referred to as aneNodeB, a base station controller, a base station transceiver, etc. Thewireless device 1804 may include a transceiver 1820 that includes atransmitter 1810 and a receiver 1812. The transceiver 1820 may becoupled to one or more antennas 1818. The wireless device 1804 mayfurther include a digital signal processor (DSP) 1814, a general purposeprocessor 1816, memory 1808, and a communications interface 1824. Thevarious components of the wireless device 1804 may be included within ahousing.

The processor 1816 may control operation of the wireless device 1804.The processor 1816 may also be referred to as a CPU. The memory 1808,which may include both read-only memory (ROM) and random access memory(RAM), provides instructions 1836 a and data 1834 a to the processor1816. A portion of the memory 1808 may also include non-volatile randomaccess memory (NVRAM). The memory 1808 may include any electroniccomponent capable of storing electronic information, and may be embodiedas ROM, RAM, magnetic disk storage media, optical storage media, flashmemory, on-board memory included with the processor 1816, EPROM memory,EEPROM memory, registers, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, etc.

The memory 1808 may store program instructions 1836 a and other types ofdata 1834 a. The program instructions 1836 a may be executed by theprocessor 1816 to implement some or all of the methods disclosed herein.The processor 1816 may also use the data 1834 a stored in the memory1808 to implement some or all of the methods disclosed herein. As aresult, instructions 1836 b and data 1834 b may be loaded and/orotherwise used by the processor 1816.

In accordance with the disclosed systems and methods, the antenna 1818may receive downlink signals that have been transmitted from a nearbycommunications device, such as a base station 102, or uplink signalsthat have been transmitted from a nearby communications device, such asa wireless communication device 104. The antenna 1818 provides thesereceived signals to the transceiver 1820, which filters and amplifiesthe signals. The signals are provided from the transceiver 1820 to theDSP 1814 and to the general purpose processor 1816 for demodulation,decoding, further filtering, etc.

The various components of the wireless device 1804 are coupled togetherby a bus system 1826, which may include a power bus, a control signalbus, and a status signal bus in addition to a data bus. However, for thesake of clarity, the various busses are illustrated in FIG. 18 as thebus system 1826.

As used herein, the term “determining” encompasses a wide variety ofactions and, therefore, “determining” can include calculating,computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (e.g.,looking up in a table, a database or another data structure),ascertaining and the like. Also, “determining” can include receiving(e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data in amemory) and the like. Also, “determining” can include resolving,selecting, choosing, establishing and the like.

The phrase “based on” does not mean “based only on,” unless expresslyspecified otherwise. In other words, the phrase “based on” describesboth “based only on” and “based at least on.”

The term “processor” should be interpreted broadly to encompass ageneral purpose processor, a central processing unit (CPU), amicroprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a controller, amicrocontroller, a state machine, and so forth. Under somecircumstances, a “processor” may refer to an application specificintegrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), a fieldprogrammable gate array (FPGA), etc. The term “processor” may refer to acombination of processing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and amicroprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or moremicroprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other suchconfiguration.

The term “memory” should be interpreted broadly to encompass anyelectronic component capable of storing electronic information. The termmemory may refer to various types of processor-readable media such asrandom access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), non-volatile randomaccess memory (NVRAM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasableprogrammable read only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable PROM(EEPROM), flash memory, magnetic or optical data storage, registers,etc. Memory is said to be in electronic communication with a processorif the processor can read information from and/or write information tothe memory. Memory may be integral to a processor and still be said tobe in electronic communication with the processor.

The terms “instructions” and “code” should be interpreted broadly toinclude any type of computer-readable statement(s). For example, theterms “instructions” and “code” may refer to one or more programs,routines, sub-routines, functions, procedures, etc. “Instructions” and“code” may comprise a single computer-readable statement or manycomputer-readable statements.

The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software,firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, thefunctions may be stored as one or more instructions on acomputer-readable medium. The term “computer-readable medium” refers toany available medium that can be accessed by a computer. By way ofexample, and not limitation, a computer-readable medium may compriseRAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic diskstorage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that canbe used to carry or store desired program code in the form ofinstructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer.Disk and disc, as used herein, includes compact disc (CD), laser disc,optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk and Blu-ray®disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discsreproduce data optically with lasers.

Software or instructions may also be transmitted over a transmissionmedium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website,server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable,twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologiessuch as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiberoptic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such asinfrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition oftransmission medium.

The methods disclosed herein comprise one or more steps or actions forachieving the described method. The method steps and/or actions may beinterchanged with one another without departing from the scope of theclaims. In other words, unless a specific order of steps or actions isrequired for proper operation of the method that is being described, theorder and/or use of specific steps and/or actions may be modifiedwithout departing from the scope of the claims.

It is to be understood that the claims are not limited to the preciseconfiguration and components illustrated above. Various modifications,changes and variations may be made in the arrangement, operation anddetails of the systems, methods, and apparatus described herein withoutdeparting from the scope of the claims.

1. A method for multiplexing uplink control information (UCI) on aphysical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), comprising: coding control datawith user data repetition; mapping the coded control data to a PUSCHresource; and mapping a data block base for the coded control data inthe PUSCH resource.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the PUSCH resourcecomprises a slot, wherein the control data comprises channel qualityindicators (CQI)/precoding matrix indicators (PMI),acknowledgement/negative-acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) and rank indicators(RI), and further comprising: multiplexing mixed coded CQI/PMI from thetop down of the slot; using a first data block as a superposition codingbase for the mixed coded CQI/PMI; channel interleaving mixed codedACK/NACK from the bottom up in a required column of the slot; using asecond data block as a superposition coding base for the mixed codedACK/NACK; channel interleaving mixed coded RI from the bottom up in arequired column of the slot; and using a third data block as asuperposition coding base for the mixed coded RI.
 3. The method of claim2, further comprising obtaining a mixed CQI/PMI control output as an XORoutput of the first data block and an expanded CQI/PMI control codingoutput.
 4. The method of claim 2, further comprising obtaining a mixedACK/NACK control output as an XOR output of the second data block andexpanded ACK/NACK coding outputs.
 5. The method of claim 2, furthercomprising obtaining a mixed RI control output as an XOR output of thethird data block and expanded RI coding outputs.
 6. The method of claim2, wherein a rate matched data output has a coding rate greater than1/3, and wherein the first data block is on subcarriers that areimmediately below a control multiplexing region as the superpositioncoding base.
 7. The method of claim 2, wherein a rate matched dataoutput has a coding rate less than 1/3, and wherein the first data blockis on subcarriers that are immediately below a turbo code repetitionpart.
 8. The method of claim 2, wherein the second data block isimmediately above the channel interleaved mixed coded ACK/NACK, andwherein the third data block is immediately above the channelinterleaved mixed coded RI.
 9. The method of claim 2, wherein the slotcomprises a first layer and a second layer, wherein a codeword is mappedon both layers, and wherein the method is performed on the first layer.10. The method of claim 2, wherein the slot comprises a first layer anda second layer, wherein a codeword is mapped on both layers, wherein theUCI is distributed on the first layer and the second layer, and whereinthe method is performed separately for each layer.
 11. The method ofclaim 2, wherein the slot comprises a first layer and a second layer,wherein a codeword is mapped on both layers, wherein the mixed codedCQI/PMI is multiplexed from the top down of the first layer of the slot;wherein the mixed coded RI is mapped from the bottom up in the requiredcolumns of the first layer, and wherein the mixed coded ACK/NACK ismapped from the bottom up in the required columns of the second layer.12. The method of claim 11, wherein the first data block is onsubcarriers that are immediately below the multiplexed mixed codedCQI/PMI, wherein the second data block is on subcarriers immediatelyabove the channel interleaved mixed coded ACK/NACK, and wherein thethird data block is immediately above the channel interleaved mixedcoded RI.
 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the first data block is onsubcarriers of the second layer corresponding to the multiplexed mixedcoded CQI/PMI, wherein the second data block is on subcarriers of thesecond layer corresponding to the multiplexed mixed coded ACK/NACK, andwherein the third data block is on subcarriers of the second layercorresponding to the multiplexed mixed coded RI.
 14. The method of claim2, wherein the slot comprises a first layer and a second layer, whereina first codeword is mapped to the first layer, wherein a second codewordis mapped to the second layer, and wherein the method is performed onthe first layer.
 15. The method of claim 2, wherein the slot comprises afirst layer and a second layer, wherein a first codeword is mapped tothe first layer, wherein a second codeword is mapped to the secondlayer, wherein the UCI is distributed on the first layer and the secondlayer, and wherein the method is performed separately for each layer.16. The method of claim 2, wherein the slot comprises a first layer anda second layer, wherein a first codeword is mapped to the first layer,wherein a second codeword is mapped to the second layer, wherein themixed coded CQI/PMI is multiplexed from the top down of the first layerof the slot; wherein the mixed coded RI is mapped from the bottom up inthe required columns of the first layer, and wherein the mixed codedACK/NACK is mapped from the bottom up in the required columns of thesecond layer.
 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the first data blockis on subcarriers that are immediately below the multiplexed mixed codedCQI/PMI, wherein the second data block is on subcarriers immediatelyabove the channel interleaved mixed coded ACK/NACK, and wherein thethird data block is immediately above the channel interleaved mixedcoded RI.
 18. The method of claim 16, wherein the first data block is onsubcarriers of the second layer corresponding to the multiplexed mixedcoded CQI/PMI, wherein the second data block is on subcarriers of thesecond layer corresponding to the multiplexed mixed coded ACK/NACK, andwherein the third data block is on subcarriers of the second layercorresponding to the multiplexed mixed coded RI.
 19. The method of claim2, wherein the slot comprises a first layer, a second layer, a thirdlayer and a fourth layer, wherein a first codeword is mapped to thefirst layer and the second layer, wherein a second codeword is mapped tothe third layer and the fourth layer, and wherein the method isperformed on the first layer.
 20. The method of claim 2, wherein theslot comprises a first layer, a second layer, a third layer and a fourthlayer, wherein a first codeword is mapped to the first layer and thesecond layer, wherein a second codeword is mapped to the third layer andthe fourth layer, wherein the mixed coded CQI/PMI is distributed andmultiplexed on the first layer and the second layer, and wherein themixed coded ACK/NACK and the mixed coded RI are distributed and mappedon the first layer, the second layer, the third layer and the fourthlayer.
 21. The method of claim 2, further comprising computing a numberof symbols required for mixed control coding based on k*β-offset. 22.The method of claim 1, wherein the control data comprises channelquality indicators/precoding matrix indicators (PMI), and furthercomprising: multiplexing mixed coded CQI/PMI from the top down of afirst layer of a slot, wherein the slot comprises a first layer and asecond layer, wherein a first codeword is mapped to the first layer, andwherein a second codeword is mapped to the second layer; using a firstdata block as a superposition coding base for the mixed coded CQI/PMI;mapping a coded ACK/NACK on both the first codeword and the secondcodeword from the bottom up in a required column; and mapping a coded RIon both the first codeword and the second codeword from the bottom up ina required column.
 23. The method of claim 1, wherein coding controldata with user data repetition comprises: removing symbols in user data;repeating symbols in control data to increase a number of symbols in thecontrol data; copying a number of symbols in the user data that is thesame as the number of symbols in the control data; adding the copieduser data symbols to the control data; and multiplexing the user dataand the control data.
 24. The method of claim 23, wherein coding controldata with user data repetition further comprises encoding the user datausing a 1/3 Turbo code, low-density parity-check (LDPC) code, or aconvolutional code.
 25. The method of claim 23, wherein coding controldata with user data repetition further comprises encoding the controldata using a Reed-Muller code or a 1/3 tail biting convolutional code.26. The method of claim 23, wherein the repeating comprises copyingsymbols in the control data k*m times, where k is a constant determinedbased on the type and size of the control data, a resource allocationoffset, β-offset, sent from a base station, and a modulation and codingscheme (MCS), and m is a repetition scalar determined based on theresource allocation offset, β-offset.
 27. The method of claim 23,wherein the control data and user data are transmitted on a physicaluplink shared channel (PUSCH) in a long term evolution (LTE) system. 28.The method of claim 23, wherein the adding comprises a bitwise exclusiveor (XOR) operation.
 29. The method of claim 23, wherein the control datais a channel quality indicator (CQI), acknowledgment/non-acknowledgmentdata (ACK/NACK), or a rank indicator (RI).
 30. The method of claim 23,wherein the multiplexing comprises time division multiplexing (TDM) andchannel multiplexing.
 31. A wireless device for multiplexing uplinkcontrol information (UCI) on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH),comprising: a processor; memory in electronic communication with theprocessor; and instructions stored in the memory, the instructions beingexecutable by the processor to: code control data with user datarepetition; map the coded control data to a PUSCH resource; and map adata block base for the coded control data in the PUSCH resource. 32.The wireless device of claim 31, wherein the PUSCH resource comprises aslot, wherein the control data comprises channel quality indicators(CQI)/precoding matrix indicators (PMI),acknowledgement/negative-acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) and rank indicators(RI), and wherein the instructions are further executable to: multiplexmixed coded CQI/PMI from the top down of a slot; use a first data blockas a superposition coding base for the mixed coded CQI/PMI; channelinterleave mixed coded ACK/NACK from the bottom up in a required columnof the slot; use a second data block as a superposition coding base forthe mixed coded ACK/NACK; channel interleave mixed coded RI from thebottom up in a required column of the slot; and use a third data blockas a superposition coding base for the mixed coded RI.
 33. The wirelessdevice of claim 32, wherein the instructions are further executable toobtain a mixed CQI/PMI control output as an XOR output of the first datablock and an expanded CQI/PMI control coding output.
 34. The wirelessdevice of claim 32, wherein the instructions are further executable toobtain a mixed ACK/NACK control output as an XOR output of the seconddata block and expanded ACK/NACK coding outputs.
 35. The wireless deviceof claim 32, wherein the instructions are further executable to obtain amixed RI control output as an XOR output of the third data block andexpanded RI coding outputs.
 36. The wireless device of claim 32, whereina rate matched data output has a coding rate greater than 1/3, andwherein the first data block is on subcarriers that are immediatelybelow a control multiplexing region as the superposition coding base.37. The wireless device of claim 32, wherein a rate matched data outputhas a coding rate less than 1/3, and wherein the first data block is onsubcarriers that are immediately below a turbo code repetition part. 38.The wireless device of claim 32, wherein the second data block isimmediately above the channel interleaved mixed coded ACK/NACK, andwherein the third data block is immediately above the channelinterleaved mixed coded RI.
 39. The wireless device of claim 32, whereinthe slot comprises a first layer and a second layer, wherein a codewordis mapped on both layers, and wherein the mapping is performed on thefirst layer.
 40. The wireless device of claim 32, wherein the slotcomprises a first layer and a second layer, wherein a codeword is mappedon both layers, wherein the UCI is distributed on the first layer andthe second layer, and wherein the mapping is performed separately foreach layer.
 41. The wireless device of claim 32, wherein the slotcomprises a first layer and a second layer, wherein a codeword is mappedon both layers, wherein the mixed coded CQI/PMI is multiplexed from thetop down of the first layer of the slot; wherein the mixed coded RI ismapped from the bottom up in the required columns of the first layer,and wherein the mixed coded ACK/NACK is mapped from the bottom up in therequired columns of the second layer.
 42. The wireless device of claim41, wherein the first data block is on subcarriers that are immediatelybelow the multiplexed mixed coded CQI/PMI, wherein the second data blockis on subcarriers immediately above the channel interleaved mixed codedACK/NACK, and wherein the third data block is immediately above thechannel interleaved mixed coded RI.
 43. The wireless device of claim 41,wherein the first data block is on subcarriers of the second layercorresponding to the multiplexed mixed coded CQI/PMI, wherein the seconddata block is on subcarriers of the second layer corresponding to themultiplexed mixed coded ACK/NACK, and wherein the third data block is onsubcarriers of the second layer corresponding to the multiplexed mixedcoded RI.
 44. The wireless device of claim 32, wherein the slotcomprises a first layer and a second layer, wherein a first codeword ismapped to the first layer, wherein a second codeword is mapped to thesecond layer, and wherein the mapping is performed on the first layer.45. The wireless device of claim 32, wherein the slot comprises a firstlayer and a second layer, wherein a first codeword is mapped to thefirst layer, wherein a second codeword is mapped to the second layer,wherein the UCI is distributed on the first layer and the second layer,and wherein the mapping is performed separately for each layer.
 46. Thewireless device of claim 32, wherein the slot comprises a first layerand a second layer, wherein a first codeword is mapped to the firstlayer, wherein a second codeword is mapped to the second layer, whereinthe mixed coded CQI/PMI is multiplexed from the top down of the firstlayer of the slot; wherein the mixed coded RI is mapped from the bottomup in the required columns of the first layer, and wherein the mixedcoded ACK/NACK is mapped from the bottom up in the required columns ofthe second layer.
 47. The wireless device of claim 46, wherein the firstdata block is on subcarriers that are immediately below the multiplexedmixed coded CQI/PMI, wherein the second data block is on subcarriersimmediately above the channel interleaved mixed coded ACK/NACK, andwherein the third data block is immediately above the channelinterleaved mixed coded RI.
 48. The wireless device of claim 46, whereinthe first data block is on subcarriers of the second layer correspondingto the multiplexed mixed coded CQI/PMI, wherein the second data block ison subcarriers of the second layer corresponding to the multiplexedmixed coded ACK/NACK, and wherein the third data block is on subcarriersof the second layer corresponding to the multiplexed mixed coded RI. 49.The wireless device of claim 32, wherein the slot comprises a firstlayer, a second layer, a third layer and a fourth layer, wherein a firstcodeword is mapped to the first layer and the second layer, wherein asecond codeword is mapped to the third layer and the fourth layer, andwherein the mapping is performed on the first layer.
 50. The wirelessdevice of claim 32, wherein the slot comprises a first layer, a secondlayer, a third layer and a fourth layer, wherein a first codeword ismapped to the first layer and the second layer, wherein a secondcodeword is mapped to the third layer and the fourth layer, wherein themixed coded CQI/PMI is distributed and multiplexed on the first layerand the second layer, and wherein the mixed coded ACK/NACK and the mixedcoded RI are distributed and mapped on the first layer, the secondlayer, the third layer and the fourth layer.
 51. The wireless device ofclaim 32, wherein the instructions are further executable to compute anumber of symbols required for mixed control coding based on k*β-offset.52. The wireless device of claim 31, wherein the control data compriseschannel quality indicators/precoding matrix indicators (PMI), andwherein the instructions are further executable to: multiplex mixedcoded CQI/PMI from the top down of a first layer of a slot, wherein theslot comprises a first layer and a second layer, wherein a firstcodeword is mapped to the first layer, and wherein a second codeword ismapped to the second layer; use a first data block as a superpositioncoding base for the mixed coded CQI/PMI; map a coded ACK/NACK on boththe first codeword and the second codeword from the bottom up in arequired column; and map a coded RI on both the first codeword and thesecond codeword from the bottom up in a required column.
 53. Thewireless device of claim 31, wherein coding control data with user datarepetition comprises: removing symbols in user data; repeating symbolsin control data to increase a number of symbols in the control data;copying a number of symbols in the user data that is the same as thenumber of symbols in the control data; adding the copied user datasymbols to the control data; and multiplexing the user data and thecontrol data.
 54. The wireless device of claim 53, wherein codingcontrol data with user data repetition further comprises encoding theuser data using a 1/3 Turbo code, low-density parity-check (LDPC) code,or a convolutional code.
 55. The wireless device of claim 53, whereincoding control data with user data repetition further comprises encodingthe control data using a Reed-Muller code or a 1/3 tail bitingconvolutional code.
 56. The wireless device of claim 53, wherein therepeating comprises copying symbols in the control data k*m times, wherek is a constant determined based on the type and size of the controldata, a resource allocation offset, β-offset, sent from a base station,and a modulation and coding scheme (MCS), and m is a repetition scalardetermined based on the resource allocation offset, β-offset.
 57. Thewireless device of claim 53, wherein the control data and user data aretransmitted on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) in a long termevolution (LTE) system.
 58. The wireless device of claim 53, wherein theadding comprises a bitwise exclusive or (XOR) operation.
 59. Thewireless device of claim 53, wherein the control data is a channelquality indicator (CQI), acknowledgment/non-acknowledgment data(ACK/NACK), or a rank indicator (RI).
 60. The wireless device of claim53, wherein the multiplexing comprises time division multiplexing (TDM)and channel multiplexing.